2014全国高考英语_2014高考英语代词

1.英语中人称代词的用法

2.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词性从句

3.英语短文改错套路十点 高考英语改错技巧及固定规律

4.高考英语考纲求助

5.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词

6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

7.高考英语题 代词类

今天累了，就告诉你答案吧，5B 1B 6A 7B 8A 9B， 16B 22C，我自己做的，不一定是标准答案哦，特别是第九题。

这些题都是为了考察而考察，除了刁难学生，没看能给学生长进多少英语能力的。无聊之极! 但是你要加油啊，我可是熬出头说风凉话的人，高考的门槛不过，在中国混日子有点。。。自己查字典，或问老师，用打字解释比较难，还容易出错。实在不行，给我留言，免费给你答，但不要过分哦，叫我帮你应付，我不干的。

英语中人称代词的用法

考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

　1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

　A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

　解析C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

　2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

　A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

　解析B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

　3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

　A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

　解析D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则具有one’s的语义特征。

　考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

　1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)

　A. that B. when C. what D. which

　解析D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。

　2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)

　A. which B. that C. where D. it

　解析A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。

　3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)

　A. who B. which C. when D. that

　解析B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;when是关系副词，不用作主语，故也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who，此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她，这是不真实的。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词性从句

一．代词：是代替名词的词或者起名词作用的短语和句子的词。英语中代词有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词。英语代词使用得很广泛。

代词之间有两点共同之处：第一，它们本身的词义都很弱，必须从上下文来确定；第二，许多代词都有两种功能：一是可单独取代名词的位置，二是可起修饰的作用。初中阶段涉及的代词主要有：

类别 例词

人称代词 主格 I he she it we you they

宾格 Me him her it us you them

物主代词 形容词性 My his her its our your their

名词性 Mine his hers its ours yours theirs

反身代词 Myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves

指示代词 This that these those such so it

不定代词 Some something somebody someone any anything anybody anyone no nothing nobody no one every everything everybody everyone much many little a little few a few

疑问代词 What who which whom whose

（一） 人称代词

人称代词表示"我""你""他""我们""你们""他们"的词叫人称代词。人称代词并不全指人，也指物。有三种人称，每个人称又分为单数和复数（第二人称单数和复数同形）。人称代词还有主格和宾格之分。它有人称、数和格的变化，其形式列表如下：

人称 单数 复数

主格 宾格 主格 宾格

第一人称 I Me We us

第二人称 You You You You

第三人称 he him they them

she her

it it

（1） 第一人称单数I代表说话者，必须大写，"我"。

如：I go to school every day.我每天去上学。

（2）第一人称复数we代表说话者一方（二人或者二人以上）"我们"。

如： We are swimming now.我们现在正在游泳。

（3）第二人称单数、复数you代表听话者或者对方（复数you代表二人或二人以上）。

如：Are you ready, Sam? 萨姆，你准备好了吗？

（4）第三人称包括he、she、it. He "他" 代表已经提到过的男人。 She"她" 代表已经提到过的女人。It "它"代表已经提到过的事物。

如： He is the tallest in the class. 他在班里是最高的。

She has a little brother. 她有个小弟弟。、

I have a handbag. It is black. 我有个手提包，它是黑色的。

（5）第三人称复数they "他们" 代表已经提到过的一些人或者一些事物，这个词没有性别之分。

如：Where are the teachers? They are over there. 老师们在哪里？他们在那边。

Where are the apples? They are in the drawer. 苹果在哪里？它们在抽屉里。

注：1）人称代词主格在句中主要做主语。

如：We went to the zoo yesterday.我昨天去动物园了。

2） 人称代词宾格在句中主要作宾语。

如： Can you help me? 你能帮我吗？

3）人称代词做表语时一般用宾格。

如：Who is that? It's me. 是谁呀？是我。

4)在比较状语从句中，在不引起误解的前提下，有时用宾格代词代替主格代词。

如：He is taller than me. 它比我高。

He loves you more than me. 她爱你胜过爱我。

5）两个以上的代名词并行排列时，其次序为：

a) 单数人称代词：you he I.

如：You, he and I are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。

b) 复数人称代词为：we you they.

如：We and they went to the Great Wall yesterday. 我们和他们昨天都去长城了。

c) 第三人称He和 she 同时使用时，先说he,后说she.

如：He and she were late for school this morning.他和她今天早上都上学迟到了。

(二). 物主代词：表示所有关系的代词, 它与人称代词一样，也分第一人称、第二人称、第三人称，每个人称分单数和复数。 物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种。

注：1). 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词的性质，放在名词之前, 在句中常作定语。

如：His brother is an engineer. 他的哥哥是位工程师。

2). 名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能使用名词。在句中做主语、宾语和表语。

如： This is my pen. Yours is yellow. 这是我的钢笔。 你的笔是**的。

My pen is broken. Please give me yours. 我的钢笔坏了。请把你的给我吧。

This house is ours。这个房子是我们的。

数 人称 中文 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词

单数 第一人称 我的 My mine

第二人称 你的 your yours

第三人称 他的 his his

她的 her hers

它的 its its

复数 第一人称 我们的 our ours

第二人称 你们的 your yours

第三人称 他们的 their theirs

(三） 反身代词：表示反射（指一个动作反射到该动做执行者本身）或者强调（即用来加强名词或代词的语气）的代词叫反身代词。它是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词宾格，后面加词尾self 或者selves构成。

1）．反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。

如： He saw himself in the mirror. 他在镜子里看见了自己。在这句话中，反身代词himself 与主语he 是指同一个人。

2）．反身代词还可以用于名词或代词之后或句末，表示强调。

如： I myself do it. 那是我亲自做的。这句话还可以说成：I do it myself.

3）. 反身代词在句中可用作动词宾语、介词宾语、表语和同位语。反身代词包括：

单数 复数

第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己

第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己

第三人称 himself 他自己 themselves 他们自己

herself 她自己

itself 它自己

英语短文改错套路十点 高考英语改错技巧及固定规律

《高中英语语法-名词性从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

名词性从句

名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。

(一)引导名词性从句的连接词

1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。

2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。

3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。

注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。

(二)主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。

e.g. Who will go is not important.

2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。

e.g. It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

(三)表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。

e.g. The question was who could go there.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。

e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

(四)宾语从句

1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。

e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.

2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或 whether。

e.g. I'm interested in whether you've finished the work..

I'm interested in what you've said.

3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。

e.g. I wonder if it doesn't rain.

②用if 会引起误解,就要用whether。

e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句理解)

③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。

e.g. I don't know whether or not the report is true.

I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not.

④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。

e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.

They don't know whether to go there.

Please come to see me if you have time.

(五)同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。

e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.

The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

练习:名词性从句

一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句,并指出是什么从句:

1. China is no longer what it used to be.

2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.

3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.

4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.

5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.

7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.

8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.

9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?

10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.

二、用适当的连词填空:

1. I can't decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.

2. That's ____________ he refused my invitation.

3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

4. ____________ we need is more time.

5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.

7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.

8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?

9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?

10. I don't know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.

三、选择填空:

1. Do you see _____ I mean?

A. that B./ C. how D. what

2. Tell me_____ is on your mind.

A. that B. what C. which D. why

3. We must stick to _____ we have agreed on.

A. what B. that C. / D. how

4. Let me see _____.

A. that can I repair the radio B. whether -I can repair the radio

C. I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radio

5. Keep in mind _____.

A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say

C. that did the teacher say D. what the teacher said

6. Could you advise me _____?

A. which book should I read first B. what book should I read first

C. that book 1 should read first D. which book I should read first

7. He was criticized for _____.

A. he had done it B. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it

8. Would you kindly tell me _____?

A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station

C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.

A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in China

C. what she had seen in China D. which had she seen in China

10. We took it for granted ___

A. that they were not coming B. that were they not coming

C. they were coming not D. were they not coining

11. I really don't know _____

A. I should do next B. what should I do next

C. what I should do next D. how I should do next

12. I'm afraid _____.

A. the little girl will have to be operated on

B. that will the little girl have to operate on

C. the little girl will have to operate on

D. that will the little girl have to be operated on

13. She walked up to _____ .

A. where did I stand B. where I stood

C. I stood there D. where I stood there

14. Can you tell me _____?

A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is D. whom .is that gentleman

15. We'll give you _____.

A. that do you need B. what do you need

C. whatever you need D. whether do you need

16. They want us to know _____ to help us.

A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they

17. We must put _____ into practice.

A. what we have learned B. that we have learned

C. that have we learned D. what have we learned

18. Did she say anything about _____?

A. that the work was to be done B. how was the work to be done

C. that was the work to be done D. how the work was to be done

19. He was never satisfied with _____.

A. what she had achieved B. had what she achieved

C. she had achieved D. that she achieved

20. These photographs will show you _____.

A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.

A. on that B. what C. that D. on which

22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.

A. when B. where C. why D. that

23. We wish we could have learned _____ when we were at high school.

A. what you did B. that you had done

C. that what you did D. what did you do

24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.

A. what B. that C. which D./

25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.

A. what 1 know of him B. that I do know of him

C. what do I know of him D. that do I know of him

26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.

A. whomever B. anyone C. whoever D. someone

27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.

A. What B. That C. When D. Where

28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.

A. Who B. The thing C. Whatever D. Where

29. It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.

A. if B. that C. what D. when

30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.

A. If or not B. Whether or not C. If D. That

31. It is strange _____ she have left without saying a word.

A. that B. what C. why D. how

32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.

A. what B. that C. why D. where

33. _____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.

A. That B. When C. What D. Whether

34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.

A. if B. whether C. why D. that

35. It doesn' t matter _____he' s come back or not.

A. if B. whether C. that D. when

36. It's a great pity _____ we won't be able to finish the task on time.

A. when B. that C. why D. where

37. It happened _____ I wasn't there that day.

A. when B. why C. where D. that

38._____ you have done might do harm to other people.

A. What B. That C. Which D. The things

39. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D.Who

40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.

A. Whether B. If C. Whenever D. That

41. _____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.

A. That B. Whoever C. Whether D. Whether or not

42. __ we need more equipment is quite obvious.

A. What B. Whether C. That D. Whatever

43. Has it been announced _____?

A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off

C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off

44. That is _____ we all support his idea.

A. what B. why C. where D. when

45. That's _____ we should do.

A. that B. what C. how D. why

46. _____ is troubling me is _____ I don't understand _____ he said

A. What; that; what B. What; what; what

C. That; that; what D. Why; that; which

47. Things were not _____ they seemed to be.

A. when B. why C. that D. what

48. That's _____ I want to say.

A. all what B. what C. all which D. what that

49. That's _____ .

A. where our differences lie B. our differences lie there

C. where do our differences lie D. that where our differences lie

50. That is _____ .

A. where lived he there B. where did he live

C. where he lived D. that where he lived

51. The questions is _____.

A. whether is it worth doing B. that if it is worth doing

C. whether it is worth doing D. if it is worth doing

52. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.

A. how B. which C. what D. as

53. That's_____.

A. how did I become a teacher B. how I became a teacher

C. how a teacher I became D. that I became a teacher

54. They are just _____.

A. that what shall I have B. what shall I have

C. that I shall have what D. what I shall have

55. It looked ____.

A. as if it was going to rain B. that as if it was going to rain

C. as if was it going to rain D. as if that it was going to rain

56. That's_____.

A. how she did it B. that how did she do it.

C. how did she do it D. what she did it

57. That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.

A. where B. which C. that D. why

58. That's _____ I lived when I was ten years old.

A. where B. at which C. there where D. when

59. My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.

A. if B. that C. when that D. that where

60. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.

A. what B. that C. why D. if

61. We heard the news _____ our team had won.

A. that B. what C. whether D. why

62. The fact _____ he hadn't said anything surprised us all.

A. why B. if C. that D. whether

63.I have no idea _____ she will be back.

A. that B. where C. that when D. when

64. We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.

A. whether B. that C. why D. when

65. They have no idea at all _____.

A. where he has gone B. where did he go

C. where has he gone D. which place he has gone 《高中英语语法-名词性从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">高考英语考纲求助

很多高中生在做英语改错题的时候不知道怎么答题 ，往往在改错部分丢分严重，下面我为大家整理了英语短文改错套路以及相关答题技巧，供参考!

1.谓语动词：①一般现在时与一般过去时错用;②and前后动词时态不一致;③主谓不一致;④缺少动词,特别是be动词;⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

2.名词：单复数错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。

3.连词：连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。

4.冠词：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定);误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠词或少冠词)

5.形容词和副词：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel);词性的误用(形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词)。

6.代词：代词的主格和宾格(i/me;he/him;she/her;we/usthey/them)错误;反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误;代词的单数和复数使用错误;代词指代错误;多代词或少代词。

7.非谓语动词：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时;and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其距离较远时);介词后用动名词形式作宾语;某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

8.介词：词组中的介词误用;介词意思理解偏差;介词的多用或少用

9.数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，以及hundred,thousand,dozen,score等词和具体数量词连用时的用法以及表示约数的用法。

10.上下文的逻辑关系：but,and,so，however,otherwise等一些并列连词和连接副词的误用。before,after,when,until,since等状语从句引导词的误用等。还有肯定和否定的误用等。

一、答题前先8看：

1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词;

2. 谓语动词的时态、语态;

3.非谓语动词的用法;

4.名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确;

5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确;

6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误;

7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误;

8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。

二、短文改错答题4原则：

1.改动以最少为原则;

2.虚词以添加或删除为原则;

3.实词以改变词形为原则;

4.以保持句子原意为原则。

答题步骤：通读全文，掌握大意; 整句分析，逐行推敲。

考点1关联词使用不当

[典例1] After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2015·全国Ⅱ)

分析句意为：他转过身发现父母不见了。由句意可知宾语从句句意完整，不缺少成分，所以应该用that引导从句或省略。故去掉where或将where改为that。

[典例2] There the air is clean or the mountains are green.(2015·全国Ⅰ)

分析两个简单句之间为并列关系而非选择关系，所以将or改为and。

考点2多余或缺少连词

[典例1] Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)

分析在让步状语从句中，although不可以与but连用，因为although位于句首，故只能去掉but或将but改为yet。

[典例2] He had a deep voice，which set him apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)

分析句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰主句He had a deep voice，而主句与从句后的分句he was strong and powerful之间缺少连词，根据他们的并列关系，确定he前加and。

考点3介词与连词混用

[典例] In fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)

分析句中during为介词，不可以连接两个独立谓语的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。故during应改为when。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词

1．词类

1）名词 2）形容词 3）副词 4）动词 5）代词 6）冠词 7）数词 8）介词 9）连词 10）感叹词

2．名词

1）可数和不可数名词 2）名词的复数形式 3）专有名词 4）所有格

3．代词

1）人称代词 2）物主代词 3）反身代词 4）指示代词 5）不定代词 6）疑问代词

4．数词

1）基数词 2）序数词

5．介词

6．连词

7．形容词

1）形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法 2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级

8．副词

1）时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法

2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级

9．冠词的一般用法

10．动词

1）动词的基本形式

（1）现在式 （2）过去式 （3）过去分词 （4）-ing形式

2）行为动词的及物性和不及物性

3）连系动词be, get, look, seem, turn, grow, become等

4）助动词be, do, have, shall, will等

5）情态动词can, may, must, ought, need, dare等

6）动词的时态

（1）一般现在时 （2）一般过去时 （3）一般将来时 （4）现在进行时 （5）过去进行时 （6）现在完成时 （7）过去完成时 （8）过去将来时

7）动词的被动语态

（1）一般现在时的被动语态 （2）一般过去时的被动语态 （3）一般将来时的被动语态 （4）现在进行时的被动语态 （5）现在完成时的被动语态 （6）带情态动词的被动语态

8）动词的不定式

（1）作主语 （2）作宾语 （3）作宾语补足语 （4）作状语 （5）作定语 （6）作表语 （7）用在how, when, where, what,which, who, whether等后面

9）动词的过去分词

（1）作定语 （2）作表语 （3）作宾语补足语 （4）作状语

10）动词的-ing形式

（1）作主语 （2）作宾语 （3）作宾语补足语 （4）作表语 （5）作定语 （6）作状语

11．句子

1）句子的种类

（1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式） （2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句） （3）祈使句 （4）感叹句

2）句子的成分

（1）主语 （2）谓语 （3）表语 （4）宾语 （5）直接宾语和间接宾语 （6）宾语补足语 （7）定语 （8）状语

3）主谓的一致关系

4）简单句的五种基本句型

5）并列句

6）复合句

（1）名词性从句 （2）状语从句 （3）定语从句

7）倒装句

8）省略句

12．构词法

1）合成法blackboard, man-made, overthrow, however, everyone

2）转换法hand(n.)-hand(v.), break(v.)-break(n.) empty(adj.)-empty(v.)

3）派生法

（1）加前缀：dis-, in-, re-, un-, non-

（2）加后缀：-able, -al, -an, -ful, -ive, -er, -ese, -st, -ment, -ness, -tion, -fy, -ian, -ing, -is(z)e, -ly, -teen, -ty, -th, -y

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

《高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

用主格代词还是用宾格代词

主格代词和宾格代词的用法是近几年高考试题考查的热点之一，许多考生因为没有掌握好这方面的知识而常常出错失分。请先看下面这道高考题：

（ NMET 2003 ）－ Susan， go and join your sister cleancing the yard.

－ Why ______？ John is sitting there doing nothing.

A. him B. he C. I D. me

此题的正确答案是 D .

下面我们探讨一下在什么情况下用主格代词，在什么情况下用宾格代词。

1. 英语口语中习惯上用人称代词的宾格作表语。例如：

It's me. 是我。（ It's I. 为正式用法。）

What would you do if you were him？

如果你是他，你怎么办？

I didn't expect the winner to be her.

我没有料到获胜者会是她。

2. 宾格代词常出现在下面这样的感叹句中：

（ 1 ）－ He's got to repay the money.

他必须偿还这笔钱。

－ Poor him！ 他真倒霉！

（ 2 ）－ She won the match. 她赢得了比赛。

－ Lucky her！ 她真走运！

3. 如果作主语的人称代词孤立地用于无谓语动词的句子中，常用宾格代词。在省略句中通常用宾格代词。例如：

（ 1 ）－ I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。

－ Me， too. 我也喜欢。

（ 2 ）－ Who wants a lift to the station？

谁想搭便车去车站？

－ Me！

我！

（ 3 ）－ Does anybody want another orange？

谁还要桔子？

－ Me！ 我要！

4. 作主语的人称代词与 not 或 why 连用时，常用宾格代词。例如：

（ 1 ）－ Someone will have to answer for it.

有人会为此负责。

－ Not you or me.

不是你也不是我。

（ 2 ）－ Why me？ 为什么是我？

－ I was no duty yesterday.

我昨天值班了。

值得注意的是，在上述句式中，通常用第一人称代词的宾格作主语，其它人称的代词较少见。

5. 在 as 和 than 后面也有用主格代词或宾格代词两种可能性。在口语里习惯上用宾格代词，在正式文体中用主格代词。例如：

My younger brother is as tall as me. / My younger brother is as tall as I （ am ） .

我弟弟和我一样高。

He is much stronger than me. / He is much stronger than I （ am ） .

他比我强壮得多。

6. 在强调句中有用主格代词或宾格代词作主语两种可能性。在正式文体中用主格代词，在非正式文体中用宾格代词。例如：

It was me that told the police.

是我告诉警察的。（非正式文体）

It is I who will take charge of the class meeting tomorrow afternoon.

明天下午将由我主持班会。（正式文体）

7. 在非正式文体中，可以用 who 代替 whom 作宾语，但在正式文体中多用 whom 作宾语，而在介词后面只能用 whom 作宾语。例如：

Who are you going with？

你和谁一起去？（非正式文体）

Whom do you decide to send to the countryside？

你们决定派谁去农村？（正式文体）

Who did you shake hands with？

你和谁握手了？（非正式文体）

With whom did you shake hands？

你和谁握手了？（正式文体）

8. ? but / except + 代词?中的代词在句中作主语时，宜用主格代词，在句中作宾语时，宜用宾格代词。例如：

Nobody but she can solve our problems.

除了她没有人能解决我们的问题。

All the students like dancing except him.

除了他以外，所有的学生都喜欢跳舞。 《高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)

高考英语题 代词类

《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

定语从句

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词:when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用, 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, ?;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部**是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same ? as, such ? as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend's. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn't like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can't understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用"介词 + which"来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People's Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who,且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don't study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That's the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven't been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空:

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don't forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I've finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn't working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don't like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn't do D. nothing we could do 《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:中间的应该是because“因为”

意思是，在旅行中，皮特从不喜欢参观大城市，因为他认为城市和城市之间很像。

A ，是两个中的另一个，这里面用的是large CITIES，显然不只两个

C 是一个和同范围内的其他多个，这里应该是一个城市与另一个城市的比较，所以不选C

D 没有冠词，泛指的其他的，用在这里不合适，这里指他所参观的那些大城市，是有范围的

B 是多个中的另一个，所以选择B