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高考英语答案及解析版-高考英语题答案解析
tamoadmin 2024-09-22 人已围观
简介1.2022年高考英语全国甲卷试卷(含答案)2.高考英语阅读理解专项训练附答案解析?3.高考英语阅读理解训练及参考答案4.全国新高考一卷英语2022年试题及答案2022年高考英语全国甲卷试卷(含答案) 一般来说,全国的高考会在每年6月7号和8号进行,部分省份和地区分为三天进行,在23日-25日前后出成绩。也有些同学会通过高考试卷来估测自己的分数。下面是我为大家收集的关于2022年高考英语全国甲卷试
1.2022年高考英语全国甲卷试卷(含答案)
2.高考英语阅读理解专项训练附答案解析?
3.高考英语阅读理解训练及参考答案
4.全国新高考一卷英语2022年试题及答案
2022年高考英语全国甲卷试卷(含答案)
一般来说,全国的高考会在每年6月7号和8号进行,部分省份和地区分为三天进行,在23日-25日前后出成绩。也有些同学会通过高考试卷来估测自己的分数。下面是我为大家收集的关于2022年高考英语全国甲卷试卷(含答案)。希望可以帮助大家。
2022年高考英语真题试卷与答案
女大学生最好找工作的五大专业
男女有别,这个别除了生理上的不同之外,在性格、学习、思考等诸多方面都有其较大的差异性。而这些差异又导致了女大学生将来的就业成败存在一些差异,在当前经济危机的形势下,要想将来自己更好的就业,高考女性考生在填报志愿的时候就不得不认清自己性别,提前做好规划,做好有备无患,切不可随意跟风。
语言类(英语及小语种):伶牙俐齿好工作
随着中国日益融入世界,各种经济往来频繁,各种外资企业的入驻,加上她们锻炼的伶牙俐齿好,使得语言类尤其是英语及小语种方向专业的学生成了就业市场的香馍馍。
在中国目前的就业环境下,由于各高校更加注重锻炼大学生自身的专业素质,因此,大学生开口秀外语成了各高校内独特的风景,加上女大学生天生较强的语言领悟能力和普遍勤奋好学学习作风,因此她们一个个都学得伶牙俐齿。在应聘求职中自然受到格外青睐。中国翻译协会的统计数据显示,目前我国在岗翻译专业人员约6万人,而此行业的保守需求约50万人,随着经济的发展,很快“可能就会达到100万人”。翻译人才缺口高达90%。更为她们就业提供了巨大的空间。
管理类:天生管会管理
女人是天生的管理。这句话由不得男人信与不信,都得乖乖的接受这个现实。因此,在现实中,众多的用人单位在管理人员的聘用上青睐女大学 毕业 生。
在大学里,女生的管理能力开始突现,各种各样的活动都能轻易的见到女学生独当一面的情形,而在这样的形势下,加上专业的管理理论课程学习,她们俨然成了半个管理专。而女大学生天性的那种持、管家的理念又使得她们在管理人和事物的时候更加的仔细更加有责任心。而这些正是一个好的管理人员所必备的素养,受到用人单位欢迎理所当然。
师范类:细心耐心得人心
母亲是孩子的第一任教师。女生具备这种 教育 他人的条件得天独厚。近几年,师范专业逐渐演变成了女儿国的世界,就业前途也较光明。
大学里,师范类专业的女生在集中学习各科课程的同时,还要系统学习诸如心理学之类的课程,在这诸多的课程学习后,她们能较快的脱胎换骨。加上女生天生的母性情怀,因此她们在教育学生方面拥有更多的细心和耐心。而这两份心将帮助她们在以后的求职中能够顺利的脱颖而出。
艺术类:墙内开花墙外香
艺术专业类的女生可谓是 职场 上的冷面杀手。虽然这类专业的女生难以在找到专业对口的行业,但是在其他行业却是异常抢手。
一般而言,艺术类专业的女生自身形象气质素养较高,因此很容易给 面试 官留下深刻的印象。在这个眼球经济时代,要想自己的 简历 和自己一样迅速的被用人单位记住,艺术专业女生的所展现的独特气质相对容易让用人单位一记如故。加上文员、助理等行业对于专业素质要求相对较低,因此,在一轮轮的面试中,她们凭借良好的气质形象来摘取这样的工作游刃有余。
经济、金融类:女人也顶半边天
经济金融类专业是高校专业大户。而这类专业的市场需求量也是极其庞大。在这么庞大的需求量中,女大学生自然能够分取一杯羹。
经济、金融类专业好比一个万金油,基本上所涉及的哪怕是擦边的经济行业都能走马上任。由于这类专业在大学里开设的课程多而且基本上以理论性为主,所以市场经济的迅猛发展和变化莫测的时代,这类专业毕业的女大学生都能以一敌几,独挡多面,这对于用人单位日益需要的多面型人才正好切合,而且由于经济、金融行业对于大学生的需求量大,自然在以后的就业中女大学生能够占据有利地位。
高考志愿分类填报技巧
(一)考前考后填志愿各有利弊
1、考前填志愿是常用的 方法 ,这种方法主要是根据模拟考试、考生平时成绩和高考前的状态来确定。通过模拟考试让考生明确当前自己在本地区所处的位置,再根据这个位置来选择相应水平的学校。这种根据现在预测未来的方式不仅仅是考学生的硬件——分数,还考学生的软件,如自信、冒险、自我评估能力。而且,每位考生判断是不同的,机会是相等的,因此某学校某专业的报考人数就不会产生过于集中或过于稀少的现象。不同层次的高校都能录取到满意的新生。但心理保守和发挥超常的学生可能会吃亏。考前填志愿有两个弊端。一是影响最后阶段的复习。因为志愿填报事关个人前途,同学们愿花工夫分析、研究,不可避免地对复习造成影响。二是盲目性大,失误较多。
2、考后估分报志愿是学生根据自己的考试情况来估分,再由教育部门划定估计 分数线 ,考生依据估计分数线填报志愿。由于,考生估分存在误差,估分划的线又有偏差,那么估分填报的志愿相差就较大了。但这种方法可以避免干扰学生考试前的复习。这种方法对于学习成绩中等尤其是平时成绩不大稳定的学生较为有利,但估分后填志愿,一般会为自己留有余地,把志愿降低一点,且对估分过高或过低的考生,所造成的负面影响较大,使不少考生错失自己心仪已久的学校。
3、分数公布后填报志愿,考生可以根据自己的分数和兴趣,量体裁衣填报志愿。高分生与低分生都有明确的方向,报考志愿与实际录取悬殊不会很大,风险减小。但容易出现志愿扎堆儿现象,冷门专业更冷,热门专业更热,使某些院校(或专业)录取分数线猛涨,落榜率增大。另一个可能是造成“断档”,即由于某校上一年录取分数高,因而一些高分考生不敢报考,以致造成该校几个分数段没有考生。使这些高校招生压力加大,招生计划与实际填报人数差距拉大,导致调配生增多。
由于不同填报志愿时间各有利弊,靠感觉、估考分、凭成绩填报志愿,孰优孰劣尚无定论。
(二)估考分报志愿的特别技巧
除稍后再作评述的填报志愿所应遵循的通则通法以外,估考分报志愿有其特别的技巧。估分填志愿,不仅要依据估计的分数,还要参考前两次的模拟考试成绩和名次。因为即使估分很准确,但没有整体排位,不了解其他考生的情况,而一模、二模可以弥补这一点。
估分填志愿的技巧,可以归纳为以下几点:
1、一模考试后,各校对考生在群体中的位置作了比较详细的分析,多年的实践证明,他们的分析与考生在高考中所处的位置,基本是吻合的,可以作为填报志愿的主要依据,适当参考二模考试发挥的情况。
2、认真分析高考中发挥的情况,是正常发挥还是超常发挥,或者是发挥失常,估出自己高考可能所得的分数,再与周围同学交流,将高考成绩与前几次模拟考试相比,自己感到是位置相同还是前后有所变化。
3、简易推算自己的录取段位。一般说临考前3次模拟考试的平均成绩可以看作是考生的基本实力,并以此估计自己在班上、在全校的排列名次。再根据本校近3年的录取率,取3年平均数,再考虑本届考生的学习水平与上届相比有无明显的波动,通过比较可大致知道自己处于哪一个录取分数段上。如全校有考生200人,A考生近3次模拟考试平均成绩在全校排名为第30位,即30/200。本校近3年平均录取率本一10%,本二为25%,专科30%,即10%的考生录取到一批本科院校,25%考生录取到二批本科院校,本一本二=35%,即35%的考生可上二批以上的本科院校……A考生排名为30,说明上本一的希望不大,而上二批本科院校的竞争力很强。
4、考生志愿起点很难把握,尤其是处于在本科一批和二批位置附近的考生,因事先不可能知道同层次同意向的考生集中或分散在哪些学校,要有起点算高了或算低了的思想准备,切记不要盲目乐观选高的起点。
(三)凭成绩报志愿的特别技巧
凭成绩报志愿,决定考生能否如愿顺利进入所填院校的最关键的因素有两个:一是考生志愿的集中与分散情况,二是考生在所有考生中的位置,后一个可相对准确地推算出来。
前面介绍了考生在本校排名位置的简易推算方法,再考虑到一个重点中学的中下等学生可能会和一般中学的上等生处于同等地位,那么大体可推算出自己在省市招生群体中的位置。实行标准分的省市,考生从成绩单中便可清楚地知道自己在全省、市中的准确排位,无须去推算了。但是前一个因素的不确定性很大,如果同水平的考生、同志向的考生,志愿集中在一个学校或几个学校,就会将这些学校的分数抬得很高,即使知道了分数但很难确定所报志愿是否集中,可能造成局部的竞争更加激烈。根据这些特点,公布成绩后报志愿应注意:
1、处理好搜集信息和运用信息的关系。搜集信息包括招生形势、招生政策、当年的招生规定,心仪的高校及专业近几年的录取分数等,越全面越好,然后运用这些资料选报适合自己的志愿。
2、一般来说,二本边缘分数考生可考虑报外地院校;一本的边缘分数考生报本地重点院校的机会大些。无论高考成绩如何,每个考生都一定要对第一志愿和第二志愿所报学校的大体排名有一定的了解,避免太近或颠倒顺序。
3、“量体裁衣”。公布高考成绩后报志愿,考生完全凭高考成绩说话,在选志愿时是名校优先还是“热门”专业优先?大体上可参照这样一些原则。
(1)高分考生,奔名校。指600分以上的考生,可以报考任何院校,但要考虑北大、清华某些专业的录取分在630以上。这些考生可考虑选报其他名校的特色专业。
(2)次高分考生,奔特色。这是考生在全体考生中也属比较优秀,成绩在560分~600分之间。若填报北大、清华感觉把握不大,分数在这两所学校所选专业往年录取的平均分(不是最低分)之下,为稳妥起见,可考虑其他重点院校的特色专业为第一志愿首选。
(3)考分中上等的考生,兼顾学校和专业。考分在重点线以上,560分以下。志愿范围是多数重点本科院校,选择余地大。在开设相同专业的高校中可选综合实力强、教学条件好、师资力量强的学校。
(4)一般成绩考生,奔专业。考分在本科线和重点线之间,普通高校实力、声望差别不大,而专业差别对就业和其后的发展关系较大,这个分数段的考生,以选好专业优先,但要注意不要人云亦云,应从发展的观点来看待专业。
(5)成绩较低的考生,先确保有学可上。成绩较低,虽上了录取线,但未到本科线或在本科线附近,这时选报志愿首先考虑有结合实践紧密且需求量大的专业,有利于将来就业;偏“冷”的专业避开激烈的竞争有利于录取。
4、考试成绩达到或接近的学校没有符合自己志趣的专业,可以考虑降低一个批次,报考自己喜欢的学校的专业。着重注意的是报志愿学校时避免盲目拔高或过于保守,一般说就低不就高比较 保险 ,同时要切记在填报每批次的几个志愿学校时,一定要拉开学校的的档次,形成合理的“梯度”。
5、考虑扩招的学校和专业,注意扩招部分是否为自己所处的位置,尽量避免高分低报,失去了更好的深造机会。
(四)利用好一切机会,提高高考成功率
1、填报提前录取批志愿
根据国家有关规定,将一部分招生类别、性质、专业基本相同或相近的学校和国家批准提前录取的一些学校集中起来,在大规模招生之前进行提前录取。这部分提前录取的院校主要有解放军院校、武警院校、公安部所属院校、音乐艺术类院校(专业)及少数经批准参加提前录取的院校和专业。填报了提前录取院校(专业)的考生,即使在提前录取时落选,也不影响其在以后第一批、第二批……的录取。也就是说,这部分考生多了一次录取机会。凡有意就读提前录取院校(专业)的考生可以抓住这个机会,增加被录取的成功率。
2、关注受鼓励专业
有人形容说,高考像是千军万马走独木桥,这种说法有一定道理,但也有些片面。对于许多“热门”学校、“热门”专业,像前两年的经济和计算机类,的确是这样一种情况,报考人数非常多,招生人数有限,便造成了许多考生落榜。同时,我们也应看到,有许多学校、专业,每年招生人数较多,报考人数却非常少。过去如农业、林业、水利、地质、矿业、石油和师范类便属于这种情况,纵观历史,横看世界,每一个国家综合国力的提高,不仅仅需要某几个专业的人才,她需要的是各个方面,各个专业有用的人才。俗语说:“三百六十行,行行出状元”!我们国家的发展,需要的不是一行一业的状元,而是各行各业,三百六十行的状元。(农业、林业、地质、矿业、水利、石油、师范,每一类专业的人才对于我国的国民经济发展都起到举足轻重的作用。我们国家大力鼓励广大考生踊跃报考这几类学校,这类学校师资较好,考生上线率高,录取容易。作为考生志愿填报的建议者,我们同样希望立志于这几方面的考生,踊跃地报考受鼓励的学校和专业。)
3、选报定向生
1989年原国家教委作出了《普通高等学校定向招生、定向就业的暂行规定》,明确指出:为了保证工作环境比较艰苦的地区和行业能得到一定数量的毕业生,高等学校按国家招生计划的一定比例实行“定向招生,定向就业”。
高考志愿 填报:挑学校还是选专业
填报志愿时经常面临这个选择:选择一个好学校有可能意味着没有好专业,优先考虑好专业则可能放弃名校。招考部门透露,在接受家长咨询中,两派人各持己见,考生们可作参考。
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高考英语阅读理解专项训练附答案解析?
阅读理解试题是高考英语试卷中分值最重的题型,因此做好阅读理解题是考取高分的关键,考生在备考阶段需要加强阅读理解的训练。下面我为大家带来,希望对大家的的高考英语备考有所帮助。
英语阅读理解专项训练原文The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, myhu *** and of one month, to a special meal. I glanced through my cook book and chose a menuwhich included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time. I started on it as soon asDoug left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, twodozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can oforange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough covered with uglyyellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so Iwouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and,when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal butseemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. Thethird time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. Looking out, I saw Dougstanding about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and lookinginto the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained thatthere was something alive in out rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid upenough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without doubt it wa *** y work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast***酵母***made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the livingthing was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed***尴尬*** by the wholething—Doug or me.
英语阅读理解专项训练试题:
1. The writer's purpose in writing this story is ________.
A. to tell an interesting experience
B. to show the easiest way out of a difficulty
C. to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman
D. to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books
2. Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?
A. The canned orange had gone bad.
B. She didn't use the right kind of flour.
C. The cookbook was hard to understand.
D. She did not follow the directions closely.
3. Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?
A. She didn't see the use of keeping it.
B. She meant to joke with her hu *** and.
C. She didn't want her hu *** and to see it.
D. She hoped it would soon dry in the sun.
4. What made the dough in the bin looks frighting?
A. The rising and falling movement.
B. The strange-looking marks.
C. Its shape.
D. Its size.
5. When Doug went out the third time, the woman looked out of the window becauseshe was ________.
A. surprised at his being interested in the bin
B. afraid that he would discover her secret
C. unhappy that he didn't enjoy the meal
D. curious to know what disturbed him
英语阅读理解专项训练答案解析:
1. A。通读文章后,可知作者写这篇文章的目的,是想让人知道她这段有趣的经历,故应选A。
2. D。文中提及:As I was not experienced in cooking I thought if a dozen was good, two dozenwould be better 和 As Doug loved orange, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all intothe bowl,可知这位家庭主妇***即作者***并未按烹调指南行事,故应选 D。
3. C。作者在意识到自己制做面包失败时,put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn'thave to face Doug laughing at my work, 故应选C。
4. A。这是对句意和细节理解的题目。文中提及:The hot sun had caused the dough to double in sizeand the fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing, 故应选A。
5. D。文中提及:... the third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. 可知作者在吃饭时就看出丈夫心烦意乱,频繁出去。当丈夫第三次出去时,作者不知道丈夫出去干什么,出于好奇,就到窗边去看。
高考英语阅读理解训练及参考答案
高考英语阅读理解训练及参考答案
英语学习的重要性毋庸置疑,从小学到大学,以至于考研,考博,英语都占有很重要的地位。为了帮助大家学习英语,我分享了一些高考英语阅读理解,希望能对大家有所帮助!
英语阅读理解1
Schools across the world are trying to come up with creative solutions to keep students active. Some are replacing conventional classroom chairs with exercise balls or standing desks. At Ward Elementary School in Winston, North Carolina students have adopted an innovative program that entails(需要) riding bikes while reading.
Scott Ertl came up with the idea while he was exercising and reading at the gym. Believing it would be a fun way to convince students to become more active, he placed one bike in the corner of his classroom and encouraged them to use it during independent reading sessions.
It was so popular that Ertl decided to add more bikes and offer the Read and Ride program to the entire school. Today Ward Elementary School has a special exercise room filled with bikes that can be used by students while completing their daily reading assignments.
Besides making reading more fun, the program also helps students exercise at a comfortable pace without the pressure that comes with regular sports-related activities. It is also a perfect way to release pent-up energy during days when the weather is not conducive to outdoor activities.
Most importantly, however, are the program?s academic benefits. A year after Read and Ride was introduced at Ward Elementary School, students actively involved in the program demonstrated an astounding 83% reading proficiency(能力). Those who had not taken advantage of the exercise bikes tested at a much lower, 41%.
Though the improvement in academic achievement cannot all be attributed to(归因于) programs like Read and Ride, experts believe they are a significant contributor. That?s because studies have shown that physical activity stimulates brain cells and helps prepare it for learning. As word of the difference made by this easy-to-execute exercise program spreads, don?t be surprised to find schools across the country adopt "Read and Ride" for their students.
5. What does Scott Ertl do according to the passage?
A. An expert. B. A coach.
C. A teacher. D. A bike maker.
6. Which of the following is the most important benefit of "Read and Ride"?
A. Making students interested in reading.
B. Helping students build up their body.
C. Having students? riding ability improved.
D. Contributing to improving students? reading ability.
7. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Schools all over the USA will adopt "Read and Ride" soon.
B. Ward Elementary School hasn?t adopted the Read and Ride program.
C. Students in Ward Elementary School created the Read and Ride program.
D. The improvement of students? reading ability completely results from "the Read and Ride program".
8. The author?s attitude towards the Read and Ride program may be described as _______.
A. disapproving B. positive C. negative D. doubtful
答案5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B
英语阅读理解2Growing plants in the classroom is an excellent way to get students excited about science!
Start with seeds(种子)in the classroom. 36 They can do this by putting seeds or beans in wet paper towels and then in a clear plastic bag. The seeds should begin coming out in a few days, which can give the students an idea of what is happening underground when plants begin to grow.
Continue with seeds in the classroom. At the same time as the seeds are beginning to come out, plant the same type of seeds in soil. 37 They can also predict how long it will be before the seeds come out and are seen above the soil.
__38 A quick Internet search should let you know which plants are native to your area. This can connect the plant-growing in the classroom with natural history and other social studies lessons. Also, after growing the plants in your classroom, you can take the students on field trips to see where the plants grow naturally.
Explore the needs of plants. 39 You can know what they actually need by growing plants in the classroom and making observations along the way.
In all, growing plants in the classroom is sure to be an exciting science lesson. 40 They can train their creativity with their own gardens!
A. What do plants need to stay alive?
B. Grow native plants in your classroom
C. Try to start an outdoor garden in your school
D. Carrots and tomatoes can be grown easily
E. Students of all ages learn more knowledge from growing things
F. Students can learn about what exactly is happening under the soil.
G. For very young children, it is exciting just to see the seeds come out.
英语阅读理解3When it comes to health, it seems that sitting too much may be as bad for you as smoking. A study suggests that you should get an hour of exercise every day.
Researchers say the exercise can help office workers reduce the risk of an early death. Many office workers spend much time seated. A lack of physical activity is linked to some 5.3 million deaths worldwide each years.
Ekelund says, ?For many people there is no way to escape sitting for a long time. But we pay attention to the importance of getting exercise.? Ekelund suggests going for a run in the morning, riding a bicycle to work, or taking a walk in the middle of the work day. But if this is not possible, he suggests doing at least some exercise each day to reduce the risk of disease and an early death.
For the study, researchers looked at 13 earlier studies on effect of inactivity. People were grouped according to the amount of activity they reported-from less than 5 minutes a day to up to 75 minutes a day.
The study found that those who sat for eight hours a day but got the suggested amount of exercise reduced their chances of dying at an early age. These people did better than those who sat less but were not active.
Ekelund says, ?There has been a lot of concern about the health risks.? He adds, ?It is possible to reduce these risks if we are active enough, even without taking up sports or going to the gym.?
32. From what Ekelund says we can learn that______
A. A bit of exercise is of no value
B. most people can?t escape sitting for a long time
C. proper physical activity is good for people?s health
D. we all often do sports when at work
33. What can be inferred from the text?
A. Eight hours of sitting a day is a proper amount of activity
B. There were studies about the connection between inactivity and health
C. Exercising can prevent people from dying
D. The more we exercise, the less healthy we are.
34. What may be the best title for the text?
A. Smoking is bad for people?s health
B. Many office workers die at an early age
C. Exercise is good for people sitting too much
D. Avoiding sitting in the office is very necessary
35. Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A textbook B. A guidebook
C. A fashion magazine D. A news report
答案 32-35CBCD
;全国新高考一卷英语2022年试题及答案
高考估分关乎我们未来大学与专业的选择,因此我们要查找高考试卷,确定自己的分数不会偏差。下面是我为大家收集的关于全国新高考一卷英语2022年试题及答案。希望可以帮助大家。
2022年新高考一卷英语试卷
2022年新高考一卷英语答案
选择专业的 方法
前面,我们在学业规划理论的指导下,深入讨论了志愿决策的各主要方面。在录取的过程中,除了这些主要因素的影响,还有一些细节性的因素要引起重视,否则就不能确保整个战略决策的顺利实施。这里面首先涉及到的是各学校的招生章程。
高考录取的总原则是德、智、体全面考察,在实施过程中坚守的最核心的一条就是分数面前人人平等,那么分数达到了,但由于其他条件的不满足,结果未被录取,造成了整个决策的失败。而这里面最重要的就是学校对除了高考总分以外的其他条件的要求,比如单科成绩问题,有外语类学校外语单科成绩要达到某个水平,某些专业要求某门学科的单科成绩达到某个水平等;比如身体条件问题,有些同学就是因为体检标准没有满足学校的要求,结果还是没有被录取;又比如某些学校、专业定向生的问题。等等,当然这里面更大的问题就在于专业安排的原则问题,安排专业也是一个看似细节实际却很关键的。分数达到学校录取 分数线 ,可以投档到学校了,但是专业怎么安排呢?因为你能否最终被录取,不仅看是否投档进入学校,更重要的看能否被所填报的专业录取。所以进入学校,怎么安排专业也是一个非常重要的问题。
近年来,学校安排专业一般分为以下几种类型:
一种是志愿优先或者叫专业优先。这种情况是将投档到该校的考生按他们所报的第一专业志愿进行小排名,即由按照专业统计报考该专业为第一志愿的考生是多少人,他们是否达到招生计划数,如果达到该专业的招生计划数,那么就不会考虑将该专业作为第二的志愿的考生了。如果报考该专业为第一志愿的学生没有达到该校的招生计划,那么它就会再看还有哪些学生在第二志愿报考了它,在第一轮安排专业时没有被他的第一志愿专业录取,这时它才会考虑报它为第二志愿的学生,当然也是由高分到低分进行录取。
另一种是分数优先。这种情况是指,将进档考生按照文理分科类进行大排队,从第一名排到最后一名,然后先安排第一名考生的专业志愿,先看该考生的第一专业志愿,当然第一名肯定能被第一专业志愿录取,然后安排第二名,直到某个名次时,由于对排名靠前的学生的安排,该名次学生所填报的第一专业志愿已经无法录取他了,这时就会看他的第二专业志愿,如果第二志愿没有录满,就可以安排到第二专业去了,如果第二专业志愿也已经录满,再看第三专业志愿,以此类推。最后淘汰的学生一般都是进档考生中成绩最低的学生。
第三种为混合安排,即实行志愿级差安排专业。具体是指:将所有出档的考生分科类按考分排队,由高到低按照各专业招生计划数集资录取。第一专业志愿无法满足的,降一个分数级差进第二专业志愿排队,依此类推。所有专业志愿都无法满足的,如果服从专业调剂,将由学校根据分数调剂到相应专业。高考成绩无法满足所填报的专业志愿,又不服从调剂的,做退档处理。如:复旦大学规定—在录取时所设置的专业志愿间的级差分依次为:3分、2分、1分、1分、1分。(若考生的成绩未到达其所填报的第一志愿专业的录取分数,其总分数减去3分参与第二专业志愿排序;若第二志愿仍不能录取,则再减去2分参与第三志愿排序,如此依次类推。上海 财经 大学则规定在专业录取时按照33111的级差录取——第二、三志愿军的考生每档减3分与前一志愿的考生排队录取,之后各个志愿均减1分与前一志愿的考生排序录取。当然,也有部分高校没有设置“专业级差”,完全按照考生专业志愿顺序或成绩高低顺序安排专业。
从上面这三种安排方式来看,专业优先其实就相当于学校志愿中的顺序志愿,而分数优先就相当于学校志愿中的平行志愿,而第三种专业级差则相当于过去学校志愿常在一本使用的“二视一”政策,即可以将非第一志愿视作第一志愿,但我要扣去你几分来排队。应当看出分数优先其实是最公平的,它保证了分数面前人人平等,只要是录取的学生都是因为成绩高,而不是因为他选择得凑巧。
当然这不同的专业安排方式下如何决策呢?我们可以参考学校志愿中的顺序志愿与平行志愿,简单地说,如果实行分数优先,那一般就将最喜欢、最愿意去的专业放在前面。如果是专业优先的话,则要考虑报考专业的冷热程度,即预测一下报考该专业的人到底会有多少,竞争程度如何,然后根据自己的高考成绩进行决策。
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